10. Pharmaceutical Antibiotics

Synthetic commercial antibiotics may be somewhat powerful...but at a cost. At the very least, they will indiscriminately kill off healthy gut flora too, lowering overall immunity and possibly leading to yeast (Candida) infections. At the worst, they can also cause some very severe side effects, not totally eradicate the Staph and only breed further induced resistance.

So, it is important to do your homework and be prepared for any potential side effects in advance. Because once you start a course (typically 10 days), you should finish it all the way through. These pharmaceutical drugs are all or nothing. Otherwise, you may simply kill off all the weaker bugs and leave the stronger ones behind! Not good!

Also keep in mind that MRSA is, by definition, resistant to many antibiotics. So, regardless of toxicity, they may also simply not work that well, either.

MRSA is a type of S. areus that is resistant to antibiotics called beta-lactams. Beta-lactam antibiotics include methicillin and other more common antibiotics such as oxacillin, penicillin and amoxicillin.

Most healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) are also resistant to macrolides, fluoroquinolones, clindamycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole

CA-MRSA strains are generally susceptible to a wider range of antibiotics (e.g., usually susceptible to fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole [TMP/SMX]) and some CA-MRSA carry genes encoding toxins and virulence factors (e.g. Pantone-Valentine leukocidin)

That said, if you have a fast-spreading infection that has gone internally septic (often seen with large, red, spreading streaks) - you may have to "cut your nose to save your face" just to at least buy yourself some time. When presented with limited options, you may simply have to choose your lesser of evils...

So, it's always good to keep all your options open and make your own personal choices. And at least make a better-informed decision, if you do choose to try this route.

Sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim, Septra):

trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole, probably the best choice of the affordable medications when an oral antibiotic is needed. "Sulfamethoxazole covers most MRSA,"

Trimeth/sulfa monotherapy may be effective in treating MRSA

"If you give sulfa first line ... willy-nilly to everyone who steps into an ED with a skin infection, you are going to give someone a bad sulfa rash."

serious risks and side-effects from this antibiotic, marketed under many names, including Bactrim, Bactrim DS, Septra, Septra DS, Septrin, Sulfatrim, SMZ/TMP, Septran and co-trimoxazole

Clindamycin:

Treat with clindamycin rather than TMP/SMX if streptococcal infection is in the differential diagnosis. However, some MRSA isolates can become resistant to clindamycin while on therapy (i.e., inducible clindamycin resistance) and this should be suspected if a CA-MRSA isolate is erythromycin-resistant.

It is also used to treat bone and joint infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

many strains of MRSA are still susceptible to clindamycin; however, in the United States spreading from the West Coast eastwards, MRSA is becoming increasingly resistant.

The most severe common adverse effect of clindamycin is Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (the most frequent cause of pseudomembranous colitis). Although this side effect occurs with almost all antibiotics, including beta-lactam antibiotics, it is classically linked to clindamycin use.

If you really need antibiotics, use Clindamyacin if your MRSA responds to it. The microbiologist I spoke to about MRSA said it's one of the very few antibiotics that enter human cells to get the infection there.

If you can't use Clindamyacin (it is more expensive), take Bactrim or Septra with the milk thistle. It will help it get into the cell and work there.

Rifampin:

Rifampin, an older antibiotic usually used as part of multidrug therapy for tuberculosis, is ineffective as staphylococcal single-drug therapy. When used in combination with other antibiotics with Gram-positive activity, it improves their cure rates.

rifampin monotherapy is not recommended, some clinicians add the agent in combination with other antimicrobials

Rifampin, which kills bacteria by inhibiting DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
although it is ineffective single-drug therapy for treating staphylococcal infections, numerous studies have shown that when rifampin is combined with vancomycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (trimeth/sulfa), minocycline, or ciprofloxacin, the resulting in vivo synergy markedly improves clinical outcomes.
Because rifampin is eliminated by the liver, reduced doses may be needed if the patient has elevated liver enzymes.

For the treatment of nonserious skin and wound infections, trimeth/sulfa and rifampin combination therapy may be an alternative to vancomycin in patients of all ages. (7,8) For adults who have sulfa allergies or who have isolates that test trimeth/sulfa-resistant, minocycline plus rifampin may be an efficacious vancomycin alternative.

in every study published to date, whenever rifampin has been combined with any of the discussed antibiotics, clinical outcomes have been improved. To date, there have been no studies published in which rifampin clinical antagonism has been observed.

Minocycline:

Minocycline, a tetracycline with unusual clinical efficacy against S aureus, is contraindicated in pregnant and pediatric patients. It must be taken with a full glass of water, and the pills must be swallowed whole to avoid esophagitis.

Daptomycin (Cubicin):

Cubicin infusion contains the active ingredient daptomycin, which is a medicine used to treat infections with bacteria, in particular Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Daptomycin is a new type of antibiotic known as a lipopeptide antibiotic. It can only be used to treat infections with a specific sub-group of bacteria called Gram positive bacteria.

Daptomycin works by binding to the cell membranes of Gram positive bacteria, causing them to lose potassium. This causes a reaction that rapidly stops the bacteria making proteins and genetic material that they need to survive and multiply. This kills the bacteria and treats the infection.

Daptomycin has a different mechanism of action to all the other classes of antibiotics. This means it can be used to treat Gram positive bacterial infections that are resistant to other antibiotics. An example of this is infection with the "superbug" MRSA (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus). Such bacterial infections have become more common, particularly in hospitals, due to increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotic treatment. As daptomycin works in a different way to other antibiotics, it may provide doctors with a new line of attack for these types of infections. Other types of antibiotics may be used at the same time as treatment with daptomycin, if necessary.

Daptomycin is a newly-approved antibacterial agent, the first lipopeptide agent to be released onto the market. Its spectrum of activity is limited to Gram-positive organisms, including a number of highly resistant species (MRSA, VISA, VRSA, VRE). It appears to be more rapidly bactericidal than vancomycin.

Iclaprim:

intravenous iclaprim, a novel antibiotic, showed high clinical cure rates which were similar to those of the comparator drug, linezolid, in the treatment of complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI) caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Vancomycin:

Treat with IV vancomycin (or linezolid) for severe skin infection caused by CA-MRSA, or any evidence of invasive disease

despite its in vitro activity, when vancomycin is used as single-drug therapy to treat MRSA infections, cure rates in serious infections have been very disappointing. Sakoulas (3) has reported 44% failures in treating bacteremia, and Moise and Schentag (4) have shown 40% failures in treating lower respiratory-tract infections.
a patient for whom vancomycin is prescribed must wear an infusaport around the clock
To avoid toxicity, blood levels must be monitored. Vancomycin drug acquisition, administration, and laboratory costs are approximately $100 per day.

Vancomycin is an antibiotic to which staphylococcal resistance is rare. It is eliminated through the kidneys. To prevent nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, monitoring of serum levels is highly recommended.

Red Man Syndrome (RMS) is a commonly observed adverse drug event associated with vancomycin therapy. It is characterized by a sudden and/or profound drop in blood pressure, a maculopapular rash, angioedema, pruritus, erythema, wheezing, or dyspnea . Any or all of these effects may be seen. While rare, changes in blood pressure have been severe enough to produce cardiovascular collapse. The reaction may occur within a few minutes of starting an IV infusion of vancomycin

Linezolid (Zyvox):

The lincosamides, linezolid (Zyvox), and vancomycin are also choices, but "linezolid is exquisitely expensive and can cause reversible thrombocytopenia," Dr. Elston said. "It is an oral drug than can outdo [intravenous] vancomycin, but it is already being overused so we are seeing resistance emerging." He estimated the cost for a 1-week supply at $1,000.

Most MRSA isolates test sensitive to linezolid, an oral drug that is usually well tolerated, but which carries a risk of hematological abnormalities, including myelosuppression and thrombocytopenia. Linezolid costs $120 per day (i.e., $1,200 for a 10-day course).

Tygacil:

proven efficacy of Tygacil as monotherapy in complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI) and complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI)

Telavancin:

At clinically attainable concentrations, telavancin was active against bacteria embedded in biofilm (minimal biofilm eradication concentration [MBEC] 0.125 to 2µg/mL), and inhibited biofilm formation at concentrations below the MIC. Vancomycin did not demonstrated the same activity (MBEC ≥512µg/mL) against S. aureus and Enterococcus. Telavancin may have a unique role in biofilm-associated infections.

Tigecycline:

Tigecycline is the first of a new class of antimicrobial agents, the glycylcyclines, which are structurally derived from the tetracycline nucleus. Tigecycline possesses activity against Gram-positive and -negative pathogens, binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibiting protein synthesis (Bouchillon et al., 2005). Tigecycline does not demonstrate co-resistance with known mechanisms of resistance, including tetracycline resistance (Bergeron et al., 1996). Tigecycline has in vitro activity against drug-resistant phenotypes including vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRSP), MSSA and MRSA

Altabax:

Altabax is a new antibiotic ointment. A new class of antibiotic, it is a semisynthetic derivative of the compound pleuromutilin, which comes through fermentation from Clitopilus passecherianus. Altabax works by selectively inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.

Indicated for treatment of impetigo (superficial bacterial infections), Altabax is applied twice daily with or without bandaging.

Clinical studies demonstrated an 85 percent or more success rate, compared to 50 percent placebo success rate. Systemic absorption of Altabax is low, so drug interactions are not a concern.

When My son got MRSA his Primary put him on Altabax saying that it was much better than Mupirocin and left MRSA outbreaks no where to hide. It's downside is it cannot be used in the nose, a favorite hiding place for MRSA.
She was right it seems to heal open sores/boils in half the time and so far my son has not had another outbreak after 6 months.

ALTABAX is not intended for ingestion or for oral, intranasal, ophthalmic, or intravaginal use. ALTABAX has not been evaluated for use on mucosal surfaces.

Prescribing ALTABAX in the absence of a proven or strongly suspected bacterial infection is unlikely to provide benefit to the patient and increases the risk of the development of drug-resistant bacteria.

And if you do choose to go this route, I would also be sure to follow your course with a good, lengthy probiotics regimen...

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09. R&D

Here are a few new, potential future remedies currently being studied now:

Native Herbs:

the Confederacy commissioned botanist Francis Porcher to compile a book on medicinal plants that could be used by battlefield physicians to treat sick or wounded soldiers. The plants featured in Mr. Porcher’s book were native to the southern United States, and some were used in traditional Native American medicine.
researchers prepared extracts from three plants described as antiseptics in Mr. Porcher’s book—the bark and galls of white oak (Quercus alba); leaves, root inner bark, and branch bark of tulip poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera); and leaves of devil’s walking stick (Aralia spinosa).
Extracts from white oak inhibited the growth of all three bacteria. Extracts from all three plants inhibited biofilm formation—a process in which bacteria secrete substances that protect them against antibiotics and the immune system—in S. aureus. Extracts from devil’s walking stick also inhibited a signaling process in S. aureus called quorum sensing, which causes the bacteria to start secreting toxins.
These results suggest that the historical use of these three plants to treat wounds may actually have been helpful.

Nisin:

A new generation of natural antibiotics that target harmful micro-organisms such as MRSA

Tin Chlorin e6:

Researchers attached a light-sensitive antimicrobial drug to a protein fragment, or peptide, which latches onto a molecule on the surface of the superbug bacteria.

In this way methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bugs are targeted while human cells are left alone.

The antimicrobial agent, tin chlorin e6, releases destructive molecules that kill the bacteria when exposed to light of the right wavelength.

In tests, the therapy killed 99.97 per cent of 10 million MRSA cells and proved 1,000 times more effective than tin chlorin e6 without the targeting peptide.

The killing mechanism used makes it very unlikely that bacteria will develop resistance against the treatment

BU-005:

BU-005 -- blocks pumps that a bacterium employs to expel an antibacterial agent called chloramphenicol. The team used a new and highly efficient method for the synthesis of BU-005 and other C-capped dipetptides.

a new compound of C-capped dipeptides, called BU-005, to circumvent a family of drug-efflux pumps associated with Gram-positive bacteria, which include the dangerous MRSA and tuberculosis strains. Until that discovery, C-capped dipeptides were known to work only against an efflux pump family associated with Gram-negative bacteria.

"If drug efflux pumps are inhibited, then bacteria will be susceptible to drugs again,"

False Quorum-Sensing Molecules:

Bacteria are incredibly multi-drug-resistant right now, and that's because all of the antibiotics that we use kill bacteria.
We thought, well what if we could sort of do behavior modifications, just make these bacteria so they can't talk, they can't count, and they don't know how to launch violence.

And so that's exactly what we've done, and we've sort of taken 2 strategies. The first one is we've targeted the intraspecies communication system. So we made molecules that look kind of like the real molecules - which you saw - but they're a little bit different. And so they lock into those receptors, and they jam recognition of the real thing.

We've also don the same thing with the pink system. We've taken that universal molecule and turned it around a little bit so that we've made antagonists of the interspecies communication system. The hope is that these will be used as broad-spectrum antibiotics that work against all bacteria.

AQ+

An aqueous preparation containing 0.5% 8-hydroxyquinoline that disrupts the cell wall of S. aureus leading to cell lysis.

Cannabinoids:

All five major cannabinoids (cannabidiol (1b), cannabichromene (2), cannabigerol (3b), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (4b), and cannabinol (5)) showed potent activity against a variety of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains of current clinical relevance.

Nanotechnology:

In an April 3, 2011 online article in Nature Chemistry, researchers from the IBM Almaden Research Center, Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology in Singapore and Zhejiang University in China publish groundbreaking data on how biodegradable nanoparticles could be used to treat infectious diseases such as methillicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

The research shows how nanoparticles can selectively disrupt microbial cell membranes, walls and inhibit the growth of gram-positive bacteria, MRSA and fungi.

What makes this research exciting, is that the nanoparticles did not cause haemolysis or break-up of red blood cells. The authors note that nanoparticles for the treatment of infectious diseases could be “synthesized in large quantities and at low cost” and are therefore “promising as anti-microbial drugs.”

Researchers at International Business Machines Corp. said they developed a tiny drug, called a nanoparticle, that in test-tube experiments showed promise as a weapon against dangerous superbugs that have become resistant to antibiotics.

The company's researchers, in collaboration with scientists at the Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore, said their nanoparticle can target and destroy antibiotic-resistant bacteria—such as the potentially lethal Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA—without affecting healthy cells.

The nanoparticle, 50,000 times smaller than the thickness of a human hair, is designed with a specific electrical charge that is attracted by an opposite charge on the surface of the membrane of MRSA and other bacteria

"It's like the north pole and the south pole," Dr. Hedrick said, referring to the magnetic-like attraction of poles with opposite electrical charges. "The particles disrupt the membrane, generate holes in it and empty out" the bacteria. The researchers believe the resulting destruction of the bacteria renders them unable to develop resistance to the nanoparticles.

The IBM drug "goes well beyond the normal method of action of standard antibiotics," said Mario Raviglione, an infectious-disease expert at the Geneva-based World Health Organization, who was informed of the technology by IBM. "It's like a missile against the cell."

"It turns out that we've discovered a lot of ways to control materials at the molecular level as we went through building microelectronic devices," Dr. Hedrick said.

In addition to its electrical charge, the new particle is biodegradable. "The materials are designed to go in there, do their business and go away," Dr. Hedrick said.

textiles which will kill the MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus) superbug. The BioElectricSurface Research Team has used nanomaterials on textiles used in hospital drapes, bed linens and upholstery. Nanomaterials, which are a thousand times smaller than a human hair, are known to possess extra-ordinary properties that the team has harnessed to develop this technology to fight MRSA.
They have embedded both commercial and custom-made nanoparticles into textiles through a patent-pending process that is effective against MRSA and other superbugs. The patent pending process ensures the nanoparticles adhere tightly to the textile which is an essential feature in commercialisation as it minimises "free" or "loose" nanoparticles.

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08. Holistic Health

Terrain > Germ

"The terrain is everything; the germ is nothing" - Claude Bernard

"Bernard was right; the pathogen is nothing; the terrain is everything." - Louis Pasteur (from his deathbed)

Honestly, BOTH the germ AND the terrain are important. But, improving your general health and boosting your immune function (terrain) are the more sustainable longterm solutions here.

So, here are some ways to help do that.

Qigong:

Learning and regularly practicing a form of qigong can boost your overall energy & health. Qigong is an ancient Eastern, meditative practice of cultivating subtle bioenergy to increase your own capacity, flow, frequency, and reserves of it. More & higher energy = better health.

Here are a few qigong forms one might try for starters, if so inclined:
Sping Forest Qigong
Hsin Tao
Hunyuan Qigong
Zhan Zhuang

Of course, the "Catch-22" here is that the prerequisite for these practices is having meridians already clear enough for qi to easily flow through. But if they were that sufficiently clear, you probably would not have gotten sick to begin with, lol!

Detoxing:

There are many forms of body cleanses and organ detoxing (herbal/nutritional, bodywork, etc). Probably far too many to list here, so you'll have to find what works for you? Just be careful to pace yourself with any detoxing regimens (especially with heavy metals), so as not to overtax your system or excretory organs in the process.

Immune Boosting:

Be sure to get plenty of sleep at an early hour (preferably by 9 PM) nightly and some minimal sunlight (for Vitamin D) regularly. Essentially rise and shine with the sun and go to bed with the night. And you may also try taking some general adaptogens like astragalus, insoluble (1,3/1,6) beta-glucan, suma root and Bioprin.

A blend of (21) Chinese Herbs to address viral infections. Given with early symptoms it will stop a viral infection in it's tracks. It is also effective with chronic viral conditions and provides some pain relief. BIOPRIN is primarily a pain killer that works faster and more powerfully than ibuprofen in managing pain and inflamation. BIOPRIN has no know side effects. BIOPRIN is an anti-biotic/anti-viral and, at the same time, an anti-yeast/anti-fungus. Which means that as an anti-biotic, BIOPRIN does not promote yeast infection as commonly seen in other antibiotics. BIOPRIN is an immune booster. The main mechanism of anti-inflammatory/analgesic activity is through the reinforcement and enhancement of immune function of patients. BIOPRIN recovers and enhances the immune function simultaneously with, or prior to anti-inflammatory/anti-biotic activity.

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07. Metaphysical Healing

If you want REAL healing, then you need to focus on the "personal" WHY more than just the "scientific" HOW of your disease. Uncomfortable feelings that haven't been fully felt often fester behind physical illness...

Health crises always help to refocus our attention back upon OURSELVES, to force us to soul search for these issues. How does the sickness make you feel, and were you trying to avoid that feeling before its onset? Was there a familiar pattern there? If so, keep pulling on that thread...and see what all you can dig up?

According to some metaphysical thought, bacterial infections are usually caused by guilt. Rashes are also often caused by shame, particularly related to sex (like wearing a "scarlet letter"). Of course, those are just some very over-generic explanations for illustration purposes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides a more detailed roadmap between anatomical locations, emotions, and spirit. But ultimately, each individual has specific issues that can only be roughly approximated (at best) by any general templates.

Also, keep in mind that these feelings are often subconscious or could even be emotional "karmic" baggage carried over from ancestral bloodlines or past lifetimes, as well. So, they may not be consciously obvious to the casual self-observer.

For professional help, there are various modalities, medical intuitives, energetic healers, shamans, and even entheogens that can help you excavate the roots of your ailments. May everyone find their own Path! Much of this therapy can be done remotely over the phone too, so you don't even necessarily have to find one in your local area.

And in lieu of all else, you can always simply PRAY HARD!!! :)

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06. Things To Avoid

As well as the do's, here's a few general don'ts:

Squeezing & Popping:

Be careful if attempting to squeeze pus out of boils or pimples not to possibly drive any pus or germs deeper into your body. The pus is highly contagious too - so be sure to keep any open boils covered and dispose of pus by double-bagging it first. Doesn't hurt to be extra-fastidious here..

Double-Dipping:

Only dip tissues or Q-tips into ointments once before each use. Do not re-dip it into your ointment after each use.

H2O2 & Alcohol:

I would beware of using hydrogen peroxide or alcohol to regularly disinfect your skin. Hydrogen peroxide can really dry it out. Alcohol can also somewhat, and always stings a lot too!

Tape:

Do not use masking or any other non-medical tape on your skin. They will likely rip layers off your skin (from high adhesion), gradually creating a secondary wound! Ideally, just wrap any bandages or use makeshift slings to keep them in place. But if you must use adhesive in an awkward area, be sure to use proper band-aids or medical tape only. You might even consider swiping the area down first with a little tea tree oil to weaken the adhesive bond.

DMSO:

DMSO is a powerful solvent that some may try to use in combination to deliver medicine deep past the skin's surface. However, because it will permeate and create openings through all barriers, its effects may be unpredictable. I'd probably avoid experimenting with this unless you somehow really know what you're doing.

Triclosan & Triclocarban:

These common antibacterial chemicals found in many household hygiene products now are generally strong enough to kill some bacteria...while breeding more resistance from all the survivors. In addition, Triclosan is a testosterone & thyroid hormone disruptor and Triclocarban boosts hormones. As a result, usage of these products will likely just make problems worse in the long run.

Contact Sports:

To avoid infecting yourself or others, do not participate in any "contact sports" unless both parties and the venue are Staph-free. This includes various sports, MMA, sex, and other activities involving sweaty, skin-to-skin contact in particular. Also be wary of gyms, used towels or any other athletic gear that isn't regularly laundered and cleaned. Remember, Staph ideally loves to live on skin or damp, hard surfaces (like gyms and bathrooms).

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05. Decontamination

Staph is a quorum-sensing bacteria. Which means that it "intelligently" uses teamwork to form biofilm colonies (like dental or arterial plaque). And once it does, it can then collectively launch a more virulent attack using its greater strength in numbers.

The significance of this for "decon" is that biofilms form most easily on warm, dank areas of the skin or hard surfaces (like toilet bowls). Which depending upon the surface material, may linger for some very appreciably long times!

MRSA survivors remained at detectable levels for 8 weeks on acrylic fingernails, 6 weeks on computer keyboard covers and 5 days on bed linen.

This is why skin disinfection is the top priority in fighting Staph. But, after that, bathrooms, locker rooms, and some kitchen areas probably come next. Surprisingly to some, fabrics come last here. Reason being that biofilms don't form well on dry fabrics (not that laundry should be ignored).

Also, if you happen to keep getting reinfections in the same area of your body - then likely either you have a stubborn colonization there or it may regularly be in sweaty or contact pressure against a particular, contaminated item. For example, a golf bag shoulder strap, other athletic equipment, or the front edge of your seat!

Bleach (Sodium Hypochlorite/NaOCl):

Dilute with water in a spray bottle for ease-of-use. Note that once mixed with water, bleach breaks down into salts within about 24 hours. So, you have to make a new batch daily. In addition, note that bleach has a shelf life of six months and then "starts to degrade." Each year you keep the bleach around, it loses 20% of its effectiveness.

Byotrol

Employs spiky & extremely slippery microscopic coatings to kill or prevent bacterial colonization on surfaces.

Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2):

MMS or Selectrocide

Rubbing (Isopropyl) Alcohol:

Easiest method here is to dump a bottle of rubbing alcohol into a spray bottle and use as required. Germ Warfare is a mostly alcohol-based line of sanitation products.

Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2):

Also great to use in a spray bottle. And pour some of it in each laundry load too, along with some borax and baking soda as well..

Dry Steam:

The chemical-free, low-moisture heat is safe for all surfaces in your home AND safe for your family yet the technology is proven to be lethal to mold, mildew, dust mites and germs including MRSA, salmonella, type-A influenzas including H1N1, and staph among others. The dry steam vapor also has the ability to penetrate the microscopic pores in every surface and disinfect inside these pores, where even the strongest topical cleaners cannot reach.

EcoBox:

ActivePure is proven in University studies to kill up to 99.99% of bacteria, viruses, and mold on surfaces,* including MRSA antibiotic resistant Staph

Ozonated Water:

Sanitizing towels, linens, and surfaces with ozonated water has been shown to be extremely effective in the reduction of Staphylococcus aureus (staph) bacteria and its more drug-resistant and harder to treat strain known as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Research and real world application studies conducted by members of the International Ozone Association (IOA), their customers and testing agencies have shown ambient temperature wash of laundry and surfaces with ozonated water to be effective at reducing pathogenic organisms including Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria and MRSA by up to 99.999999%.

UV:

Is certified to kill 99.99 per cent of the potentially deadly H5N1 strain of avian flu in five seconds, and harmful bacteria, such as MRSA, E.coli and salmonella, in 10 seconds.
By using "multi-wavelength" UV technology, combining UVA, UVB and UVC rays, manufacturers say the light is more effective than standard UV disinfection products at killing the DNA of viruses, bacteria and fungi.

Independent third party laboratory tests confirm that the Verilux CleanWave® UV-C Sanitizing Wand eliminates up to 99.9% of H1N1 and MRSA on surfaces. More broad based testing of UV-C light has shown it to be very effective at eliminating a vast array of viruses, bacteria, dust mites and mold on surfaces.

Steri-X:

The world's finest biocidal solution proven to kill pathogenic bacteria, including the MRSA 'superbug' (99.99% = 5 log reduction within 30 seconds)

NTU Virus Bom

The NTU Virus Bom compound can kill nano-virus and micro-bacteria at the same time

Ingenium:

CleanWell’s proprietary, fast-acting, broad-spectrum antimicrobial active ingredient created from a patented blend of natural thyme and other essential plant oils.

Copper:

The University of Southampton team found the superbug was unable to survive on copper alloy surfaces for longer than 90 minutes.
yellow brass rendered the bacteria completely harmless after four and a half hours.
Copper alloys were the best, destroying MRSA in as little as an hour and a half.

You'll notice that one of the main classes of disinfectants are oxidants (bleach, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, EcoBox, ozonated water, UV, etc). This is because their chemical reactions strip away enough electrons to kill germs...while stressing, but not killing our body cells (which are usually much larger).

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